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Introduction: Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness (BPCR) is an important intervention included by WHO as essential elements of antenatal care package. It is often delivered to pregnant women through their active participation by health care provider during antenatal care or initiated/followed up through visits to the homes of pregnant women by community health workers. Objectives: To determine the knowledge and practice regarding BPCR and to identify factors associated with it among rural pregnant women. Method: Cross-sectional study was conducted in rural field practice area of Community Medicine Department of a medical teaching institutes. A total of 210 pregnant women who were in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy were selected by simple random sampling and interviewed for data collection. Results: Mean age of study subjects was 24.14 + 3.88 years.The highest number of women was in the age group of 20-29 years (84.8%). More than half (57.6%) mothers had observed at least two or more components of BPCR. Maximum number of females had identified facility for delivery (63.8%) followed by transportation (60.9%). Identification of potential blood donor by mothers was low (14.3%). Bleeding was most commonly identified danger symptom in all three phases of child bearing. Knowledge regarding danger signs was significantly associated with birth preparedness. Conclusion: In the present study, practice of all components of BPCR by mothers was very low. Bleeding was the most commonly identified danger symptom during all three phases i.e., pregnancy, child birth and after birth.Knowledge regarding other danger signs was highly inadequate.
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Objective : To determine the efficacy and safety of 2% menthol in the management of musculoskeletal pain. Materials and Methods : 81 patients above the age of 18 years of either sex with any musculoskeletal pain were included in the study. Subjects were instructed to apply 2% menthol gel twice daily to the affected area for 7 to 10 days. A Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to assess the severity of the initial pain. Moreover, the level of muscle soreness on a 7-point Likert scale was also evaluated. The patients were assessed before the treatment and 7 to 10 days after the initiation of the treatment. Results : The VAS scores for pain significantly improved (P< 0.0001) in subjects after completion of the treatment. There was a 70% improvement (7.67 � 1.04 before treatment to 2.30 � 0.56 after treatment) in the VAS scores compared to baseline, and the mean Likert scale of muscle soreness was 2.04 � 0.25 at the end of the treatment. Moreover, no significant adverse events were observed in the patients during the study. Conclusion : The study showed that 2% menthol effectively improves musculoskeletal pain
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Infertility is a medical condition that can cause psychological, physical, mental, spiritual, and medical detriments to the patient. Infertility can also be a marker of an underlying chronic disease associated with infertility. It is currently affecting one out of six couples worldwide. The pathophysiology of male and female infertility is multifactorial and still not fully elucidated. Both are related to an imbalance between the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and antioxidant defences. Antioxidants are biological and chemical compounds that are synthesized endogenously or exogenously, counteract oxidative stress and act as free radical scavengers. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a lipidsoluble quinone acting as an effective antioxidant, which prevents lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidation. It empowers the body’s energy production cycle through Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and has long been used to ameliorate infertility outcomes. Evidence suggests that CoQ10 shows beneficial effects on semen quality, quantity, and mobility in male infertility. Moreover, the potential benefits of oral antioxidants on female infertility treatment are being increasingly investigated, including CoQ10. CoQ10 treatment significantly increases fertilization rate, the number of high-quality embryos, and higher clinical pregnancy and live birth rates. Furthermore, CoQ10 administration enhances ovarian response to stimulation and improves oocyte and embryo quality. Hence, available evidence and clinical studies suggest that CoQ10 supplementation could be considered an inexpensive, safe therapy to enhance infertility treatment in men and women of reproductive age
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Background@#and PurposeTau deposition in the entorhinal cortex is the earliest pathological feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, this feature has also been observed in cognitively normal (CN) individuals and those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The precise pathophysiology for the development of tau deposition remains unclear. We hypothesized that reduced cerebral perfusion is associated with the development of tau deposition. @*Methods@#A subset of the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative data set was utilized. Included patients had undergone arterial spin labeling perfusion MRI along with [18F]flortaucipir tau PET at baseline, within 1 year of the MRI, and a follow-up at 6 years. The association between baseline cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the baseline and 6-year tau PET was assessed. Univariate and multivariate linear modeling was performed, with p<0.05 indicating significance. @*Results@#Significant differences were found in the CBF between patients with AD and MCI, and CN individuals in the left entorhinal cortex (p=0.013), but not in the right entorhinal cortex (p=0.076). The difference in maximum standardized uptake value ratio between 6 years and baseline was significantly and inversely associated with the baseline mean CBF (p=0.042, R2=0.54) in the left entorhinal cortex but not the right entorhinal cortex. Linear modeling demonstrated that CBF predicted 6-year tau deposition (p=0.015, R2=0.11). @*Conclusions@#The results of this study suggest that a reduction in CBF at the entorhinal cortex precedes tau deposition. Further work is needed to understand the mechanism underlying tau deposition in aging and disease.
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Background & objectives: Pregnant women with dengue infection may be at increased risk of adverse maternal-foetal outcomes. This study was conducted to assess the maternal and perinatal outcomes in women who presented with fever and diagnosed to have dengue infection during pregnancy. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on pregnant women admitted with fever, in a tertiary referral centre in South India, during January 2015 to December 2018. We compared outcomes of women diagnosed with dengue with that of women without dengue. The study outcomes included pre-term birth, stillbirth, low-birth weight (LBW), maternal mortality and thrombocytopenia. Results: During the study period, there were six maternal deaths following complications from dengue infection. Higher rates of thrombocytopenia (24.7% vs. 14.6%, P=0.02) were noted among those with recent dengue infection. The risk of still birth was 2.67 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09, 6.57], LBW [risk ratio (RR) 1.13, 95% CI 0.87, 1.45] and pre-term birth (RR 1.33, 95% CI 0.89, 1.97) among the cases. Interpretation & conclusions: Occurrence of adverse maternal and foetal outcomes was increased in pregnant women with fever diagnosed with dengue infection. Future studies are needed to formulate the optimum monitoring and treatment strategies in pregnant women, where dengue can have additive adverse effects to other obstetric complications.
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Objective : To determine the efficacy and safety of topical glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate in the treatment of knee Osteoarthritis (OA). Materials and Methods : Thirty-three patients diagnosed with knee OA were included in the study. Subjects received topical application of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate on the affected knee two times a day for four weeks. Pain, joint stiffness, and physical functions were evaluated by the Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). A Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the severity of the initial pain. The patients were assessed before the treatment and four weeks after the initiation of the treatment. Results : The WOMAC scores for pain, stiffness, and function, as well as the VAS score, were significantly improved (P<0.01) in subjects at week four compared to the baseline. There was a 44.02% improvement in the total WOMAC scores and a 51.11% improvement in the VAS scores with glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate topical gel after four weeks. Conclusion : Topical glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate are safe and effective in improving knee pain, stiffness, and physical function in knee OA.
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India has the world’s largest newspaper market, with over 100 million copies sold daily. The media scapegoat, simplify, speculate, and sensationalize suicide?related news instead of signposting people to seek help. Suicide affects individuals, families, and communities and is worthy of responsible reporting. This study examined the quality of newspaper coverage of suicides from January to December 2017 in three popular English dailies in Bengaluru, South India. Three hundred and ninety?five online suicide reports were evaluated for compliance with the 2017 WHO recommendations for responsible suicide reporting by media professionals. The secondary data were obtained from digital newspaper archives and analyzed. Ahandful of the sampled articles met key recommendations. While reporting on suicide in the Indian media, three critical areas that require the most attention are reducing sensationalism, providing help-seeking information, and educating the public on suicide prevention without perpetuating myths.
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Although hair disorders are not life-threatening, there is no denying that they significantly influence social interactions and patients� psychological well-being. A sufficient and well-balanced nutritional intake is responsible for normal skin and hair function integrity. Dietary imbalance can disturb this equilibrium, whether it takes the form of an overall deficiency, a more specific shortage, or an excess of one component over another. Human skin and hair can be affected by nutritional factors, resulting in excessive hair shedding and hair loss. It is essential to separate those nutritional factors that directly affect the hair cycle and promote hair growth. One of the most emerging areas in dermatology is the role of nutraceuticals in hair loss without any side effects. However, with increasing awareness among patients, there has been a tremendous demand for natural hair care and treatment products. An effective combination of bioactive ingredients derived from natural sources is essential in hair growth stimulation and provides a therapeutic benefit in hair conditioning. When it comes to hair health, dietary supplements and nutraceuticals can be part of a plan to address a visible problem that impacts self-esteem and confidence in men and women.
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Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a recurrent luteal-phase condition associated with somatic emotional and behavioral symptoms. Frequently reported symptoms include breast discomfort, mood swings, fluid retention and food cravings. The exact etiology of PMS is unknown; however, the underlying mechanism is a complex interaction between fluctuations in ovarian steroids and central neurotransmitters as well as peripheral effects of hormones. Therefore, surprisingly a wide range of treatments are not available with satisfactory outcomes. Evening Primrose Oil (EPO) is one of the most popular for the management of PMS. EPO is a valuable fixed oil extracted from the Oenothera biennis seeds. It comprises essential fatty acids, including linoleic acid, Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA), and Vitamin E, which have been used in various treatments. It has been clinically shown to improve psychological (mood and sleep disturbances) and physical symptoms (breast pain/tenderness, bloating, fatigue) in women suffering from PMS. The rationale put forward for investigating the use of EPO in PMS is thataffected women appear to have abnormal levels of essential fatty acids; hence administrating linoleic acid and GLA in the form of EPO could potentially alleviate the symptoms of PMS.
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Sickle cell disease (SCD) is amongst the most common genetic hematological disorders. Hand-foot syndrome (swelling), pain and anemia are some of the very common complications of the disease. In Sickle cell anemia, the number of healthy RBCs decrease which results in reduction of oxygen in the tissues. Majority of the SCD patients are from low socio-economic strata and can barely afford costly treatment modalities. Retrospective analysis was done on 150 patients who consumed a proprietary Ayurvedic medicine, Hemoxin R Plus (Nikosan K Plus). Objectives: Sickle cell anemia impacts quality of life of patients which include pains including joint pain, abdominal pain, and total body pain. It also leads to breathlessness, weakness or fatigue and hence difficulties in doing daily chores. Our aim was to evaluate safety and efficacy of Hemoxin R Plus, an Ayurvedic medicine in improving quality of life in patients having SCA. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective analysis. Hospital records of the patients were used and reviewed for the analysis. The doctors who treated the patients collected the data from the medical records department. Wilcoxon signed rank test was applied for analysis. Parameters related to the quality of life were studied. The parameters considered were pain (whole body, abdominal, limbs/joints, back), fatigue, breathlessness, difficulty in doing daily activities and absenteeism (school/job). Results: For every parameter considered for analysis, the probability value (p value) was found to be <0.05, confirming the statistical significance in reduction of symptoms. Hemoxin R Plus was found to be safe in the dose administered, as there were no adverse events reported. Conclusion: Capsule Hemoxin R Plus can be used for of the management of sickle cell anemia in pain reduction and in improving the quality of life.
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Background : Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI), characterized by reduced secretion or activity of pancreatic enzymes, causes improper absorption of food, excessive fat excretion in the stool, and malnourishment. Methods : In this observational, real-world evidence study, patients with one or more of the following condition were enrolled: abdominal pain, acidity, diarrhea, nausea, or dyspepsia (as per ROME III criteria). Patients had either been diagnosed with gallstones, hypertriglyceridemia, alcohol consumption or undergone abdominal surgery. Patients were prescribed capsule EnzigestTM10000 (pancreatin minimicrospheres) for one month.The severity and frequency of various gastric symptoms was measured at day 0 and day 30. Results : 540 patients were enrolled with a mean age of 51.6 years. Enzigest significantly reduced the severity of functional dyspepsia by 88.67% (p<0.001) as per Rome III Criteria. There is significant improvement in frequency of symptoms (83.80%), abdominal pain severit(81.58%), epigastric pain (83.09%), nausea (84.35%) and vomiting by 89.62% (all P<0.001). The overall improvement in symptoms was significant (p<0.001). Enzigest was well tolerated.Conclusion : Enzigest improved abdominal pain, dyspepsia, and acidity in patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency due to alcohol consumption, gallstones, hypertriglyceridemia, diuretic (Furosemide or Thiazide) or abdominal surgery. Enzigest containing pancreatin minimicrospheres can be an easy therapeutic option to counteract EPI.
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Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an ongoing worldwide pandemic affecting a large population regardless of gender, age, and ethnicity. The persistence of the COVID-19 symptoms has become a significant health issue and is collectively called “Long COVID.” It can be described as the presence of symptoms of COVID even after the recovery from the viral infection. The prolonged symptoms in the patients could be due to various reasons and factors. Prolonged fatigue is a common symptom of Long COVID in patients even after they have recovered from the viral infection. Currently, only rehabilitation has shown promising results in managing the symptoms of Long COVID. Although pharmaceutical drugs have shown potential in treating the symptoms of Long COVID, more clinical evidence is required to confirm its treatment with less to no side effects; since it’s a new disease, the in-depth knowledge of the same is still evolving. Another healthier approach to treating the symptoms of Long COVID could be dietary supplements or “Nutraceuticals,” identified as an alternative to pharmaceuticals, including nutritional supplements, derived nutrients, and dietary and herbal products that display physiological advantages. Nutritional strategies can also play a role in treating hospitalized patients as maintaining the immune system is critical to combat viral infection.Nutraceuticals may be a practical and healthier approach to managing the symptoms of Long COVID or COVID-19. Although ample clinical evidence is present for the treatment of symptoms of COVID-19, further studies in treating Long COVID or its symptoms are required
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Background?India rolled out the world's largest vaccination program on January 16, 2021, marking the beginning of an effort to vaccinate a population of 1.3 billion against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. However, the hesitancy toward safe and effective vaccine against severe infection is a major global health threat. Hence, public acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine would be an essential deterrent to the pandemic control. Materials and Methods?A cross-sectional online study was conducted among the Indians from January 1 to January 31, 2021. The online questionnaire addressed several variables, including the sociodemographic parameters, COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, and concerns regarding COVID-19 vaccine. Results?Out of total 450 participants, majority of them (97.1) were aware about the COVID-19 vaccination drive. Only 66.2% showed their willingness to accept vaccination, 26.0% were still indecisive, and 7.8% did not want to accept it. Conclusion?Despite numerous efforts by various scientific organizations, public health experts, and media outlets, to educate the general population about the COVID-19 vaccine, significant portion of the Indian population may experience vaccine hesitancy, which poses dangers to both the individual and their community. Therefore, we must target these potential candidates, who are indecisive, for intervention to increase vaccine acceptance across the country. In this regard, large-scale study is required to understand the knowledge, expectation, and apprehension covering various economic and occupational strata of the society.
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Poverty is defined as a person’s state of survival without the adequate financial resources for a minimum standard of living. Poverty is assesed through multidimensional factors like access to clean drinking water, access to electricity, access to quality education, child mortality rates, nutrition, and so on. On 1st January 2016, the United Nations Economic and Social Affairs department published a list of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and “No Poverty” was the first goal on the list and the purpose was to eradicate all forms of poverty from all corners of the globe by the year 2030. The first step in the goal is to identify poverty in all its forms and not just the income level. The initiative of identifying poverty is a humongous task in itself and various researchers, academicians, statisticians and computer scientists had proposed several methods of identifying poverty in all it’s forms. This paper unifies and consolidates several machine learning techniques proposed previously to theoretically formulate a new, robust methodology to identify, validate and assess poverty which would be the first step towards sustaibale development.
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Background: Silver Nanoparticles are drawing significant attention from the scientific community to explore a wide range of its medical applications. Human body is under constant stress due to free radicals generated by the physiological and pathological conditions in the body. Scavenging systems or Antioxidants can help alleviate the damages caused by these radicals which can influence the course of progress in several chronic diseases with an inflammatory background. External antioxidants supplement and facilitate the overwhelmed scavenging systems in the body.Silver Nanoparticles can enhance the therapeutic effects of phytochemicals. Aim: To Synthesize silver nanoparticles using the phytochemical Hesperidin and studying its Free radical scavenging activity. Methods: Silver Nanoparticles are synthesized using chemical reduction method. The synthesis is confirmed using spectrophotometric studies. Free Radical scavenging activity is detected using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH �) free radical scavenging assay. Results: Silver nanoparticles were successfully synthesized which was confirmed by the change in color of the solution and peak absorbance peak at 420 nM on spectrophotometric studies.Hesperidin Silver Nanoparticles exhibited higher free radical scavenging activity when compared with pure hesperidin and standard Ascorbic acid. Conclusion: Hesperidin can ideally be used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles and the synthesized Silver Nanoparticles enhances the free radical scavenging activity of Hesperidin which can further be evaluated by In Vivo studies.
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Background: Silver Nanoparticles are extensively studied by the scientific community for therapeutic applications. With respect to the fundamental pillars of bioethics 揚rimum non nocere� equal emphasis should be given to evaluate the toxicological perspectives of Silver nanoparticles. This study aims at evaluating the InVitro cytotoxic effects of Silver nanoparticles synthesized using hesperidin. Aim: To study the In Vitro cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles on PBMC cells using (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Methods: Synthesized silver nanoparticles at various concentrations are incubated with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). After 24 hours MTT is added to the mixture to evaluate the cell viability post incubation. Yellow MTT (a tetrazole) which is reduced to purple formazan in the mitochondria of living cells. The absorbance of this colored solution can be quantified by measuring at 570 nm by a spectrophotometer. This reduction takes place only when mitochondrial reductase enzymes are active, and therefore conversion can be directly related to the number of viable (living) cells. Results: ?.Conclusion: Silver Nanoparticles do not exhibit any significant cytotoxicity on PBMCs and also there were no dose dependent trends in the results.
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@#Introduction: Pushing and pulling activities are common in daily life and industrial workplaces. These activities are potentially contributing to muscle fatigue in the back and shoulder if not managed ergonomically. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify the maximum strength of Malaysian adults in horizontal symmetrical two-handed pushing and pulling with different handle heights and stances. Methods: Forty-seven participants of 24 males and 23 females were recruited in pushing and pulling experiments. The participants were assistant engineers and postgraduate students of a technical university. The dependent variable was the magnitude of push/ pull force. The independent variables consisted of action, handle height and stances. The experimental design was set for 2 actions, 3 handle heights and 2 stances, yielding 12 variables combinations. Results: Key findings of this study revealed that combination of pull action, handle height at elbow level and staggered stance exhibited greatest force. On the contrary, combination of push action, handle height at knuckle level and parallel stance resulted in lowest force. In pushing test, both male and female participants obtained greatest force of 233.3 N and 121.7 N, respectively, when the handle height was at elbow level and staggered stance. Similarly, in pulling test, males and females obtained highest force of 242.9 N and 152.4 N, respectively. Conclusion: This study concluded that handle height at elbow level and staggered stance exhibited greatest force in pushing and pulling activities. This study provides information to individuals who involved in pushing and pulling tasks with least force exertion to minimize muscle fatigue in the back and shoulder. Future studies should consider the following recommendations: 1) Participants of study should involve manufacturing industry workers. 2) To study the effect of pushing and pulling tasks on muscle activity.
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Background:Incidence and prevalence of dermatophytosis have increased recently. The clinico-mycological characteristics of dermatophytosis in the past and present were compared to determine the difference, if any, that canexplain the present scenario.Material and Methods:Hospital-based cross-sectional study design with retrospective data comparison was done. The clinico-mycological data of 425 patients in 2019 was compared to 124 patients in 2011 with a Chi-square statistic. Result:Significant differences were observed in the following socio-demographic and disease characteristics in the present compared to the past: female gender (57.9% vs.33.9%, P-0.000002), chronicity (29.4% vs. 16.1%, P-0.003), sharing of clothes (35.3% vs. 20.5%, P-0.0014), co-morbidity of atopy (22.6% vs. 6.5%, P-0.00005), prior use of topical antifungals (64.5% vs. 30.7%, P <0.0001), prior use of systemic antifungals (43.1% vs. 13.7%, P <0.0001), prior use of topical steroids (24.7% vs. 12.1%, P-0.0028), and infection in multiple sites (25.2% vs. 11.3%, P-0.001). T.mentagrophyteswas the most common isolate in the present compared to the past (73.6% vs. 32.8%, P-0.0035). Other isolates were T.rubrum(13.2%) and M.gypseum(13.2%) in 2019 and T.rubrum(53.1%), M. gypseum(9.4%),T. schoenleinii(1.6%) and E. floccosum(3.1%) in 2011.Conclusion:T. mentagrophyteshas emerged as thedominant species. Irrational use of topical and systemic antifungals and steroids has increased considerably.Frequent training of general practitionersregarding appropriate management andeducating patients about avoidance of tight-fitting clothing, personal hygiene, and avoidance of over the counter medications, and adherence to treatment schedule can decrease the disease burden to some extent.
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Objective: To compare the antioxidant and anti-genotoxic properties of Alpinia (A.) galanga, Curcuma (C.) amada, and C. caesia. Methods: Cytotoxicity of ethanolic extracts of A. galanga, C. amada, and C. caesia at selected doses was evaluated by trypan blue, MTT, and flow cytometry-based assays. Genotoxicity and anti-genotoxicity (against methyl methanesulfonate, 35 μM and H2O2, 250 μM) of these plants were studied by comet assay in human lymphocytes in vitro. Furthermore, DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, lipid peroxidation, and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays were performed to study the antioxidant potentials of the plants. Finally, anti-genotoxic potential of C. amada was validated in Swiss albino mice using comet assay. Phytochemical composition of C. amada was determined by GC/MS and HPLC. Results: The selected doses (2.5, 5, and 10 μg/mL) of A. galanga, C. amada, and C. caesia were non-toxic by cytotoxicity tests. All three ethanolic extracts of plant rhizomes demonstrated antioxidant and anti-genotoxic properties against methyl methanesulfonate-and H2O2-induced oxidative stress in human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro. Multivariate analysis revealed that various antioxidant properties of these extracts in DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays were strongly correlated with their total phenolic constituents. C. amada extract conferred protection against cyclophosphamide-induced DNA damage in the bone marrow cells of mice and DNA damage was significantly inhibited by 2.5 mg/kg C. amada extract. Conclusions: C. amada is rich in potentially bioactive molecules and exhibits potent antioxidant activities. Its anti-genotoxicity against cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress is also confirmed in this study.
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Objective: To compare the antioxidant and anti-genotoxic properties of Alpinia (A.) galanga, Curcuma (C.) amada, and C. caesia. Methods: Cytotoxicity of ethanolic extracts of A. galanga, C. amada, and C. caesia at selected doses was evaluated by trypan blue, MTT, and flow cytometry-based assays. Genotoxicity and anti-genotoxicity (against methyl methanesulfonate, 35 μM and H2O2, 250 μM) of these plants were studied by comet assay in human lymphocytes in vitro. Furthermore, DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, lipid peroxidation, and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays were performed to study the antioxidant potentials of the plants. Finally, anti-genotoxic potential of C. amada was validated in Swiss albino mice using comet assay. Phytochemical composition of C. amada was determined by GC/MS and HPLC. Results: The selected doses (2.5, 5, and 10 μg/mL) of A. galanga, C. amada, and C. caesia were non-toxic by cytotoxicity tests. All three ethanolic extracts of plant rhizomes demonstrated antioxidant and anti-genotoxic properties against methyl methanesulfonate-and H2O2-induced oxidative stress in human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro. Multivariate analysis revealed that various antioxidant properties of these extracts in DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays were strongly correlated with their total phenolic constituents. C. amada extract conferred protection against cyclophosphamide-induced DNA damage in the bone marrow cells of mice and DNA damage was significantly inhibited by 2.5 mg/kg C. amada extract. Conclusions: C. amada is rich in potentially bioactive molecules and exhibits potent antioxidant activities. Its anti-genotoxicity against cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress is also confirmed in this study.